• 极低信噪比下分层归一化QC-Hadamard-LDPC译码器设计

    Design of layered normalized QC-hadamard-LDPC decoder for extremely low SNR regime

    • 传统LDPC码在低信噪比环境下性能较差,借助Hadamard约束构造的Hadamard-LDPC码是一类可逼近香农极限的低码率码字。但是Hadamard-LDPC译码常常采用基于符号最大后验概率的方法,译码过程存在大量指数、对数等非线性运算,计算复杂度高、迭代时延长,不利于工程应用实现。提出了一种基于Max-Log-MAP规则的分层归一化QC-Hadamard-LDPC译码器,用加法、比较运算替代指数、对数运算,实现仅包含线性运算的译码器,显著降低计算量和译码时延。同时,针对线性运算引入外信息失真导致性能下降的现象,引入了归一化因子对外信息进行修正,从而在保证尽量减小译码性能损失的同时实现低复杂度快速译码。基于Xilinx UltraScale+的硬件验证结果表明,分层归一化QC-Hadamard-LDPC译码器在消息长度1024、迭代次数20次条件下,可取得Eb/N0为0.4 dB时误码率10−5、信息吞吐率313 Mbps的性能,相比于传统最大后验概率译码器,译码性能损失仅0.03 dB,资源消耗减少20%。

       

      Abstract: Traditional low density parity check codes (LDPC) perform poorly in low signal-to-noise ratio environments, the low density parity check Hadamard code (Hadamard-LDPC) is considered to be a new type of ultimate-Shannon-limit-approaching code. The traditional Hadamard-LDPC decoder exploits the symbol-maximum-a-posteriori probability (Symbol-MAP) rule which introduces logarithmic and exponential operations, leading to high computational complexity and high resources occupation, which is not conducive to the implementation of engineering applications. This paper proposes a Max-log-MAP rule-based layered normalized QC-Hadamard-LDPC decoding algorithm which utilizes additive and comparison operations instead of non-linear ones so that the decoding complexity can be efficiently reduced. To further cope with the performance degradation and extrinsic information distortion caused by the introduced linear computations, a normalization factor is introduced and optimized in terms of the bit error rate (BER) performance. The entire system is implemented on an FPGA board. A bit error rate of 10−5 can be achieved at Eb/N0 = 0.4 dB with a moderate message bits length 1024 and a throughput of 313 Mbps. The layered decoder using 20 decoding iterations shows twenty percent decrease of resource utilization at a slight sacrifice of a very small degradation of 0.03 dB, compared with the standard decoder.

       

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