• 一种低成本宽输入的电荷泵过压检测电路

    A low-cost wide-input-range overvoltage detection circuit used in charge pump

    • 电荷泵被广泛应用于开关电源中功率NMOS的驱动。为了确保电荷泵产生的电压保持在功率NMOS的安全栅极电压以下,需要对电荷泵的输出电压进行过压检测。本文利用低压负反馈回路和高压PMOS电流镜,将电荷泵的输入电压(VIN)和输出电压(VCP)精确地施加到感应电阻上,实现了对VCPVIN差值的精确采样。然后将缩小固定因子的电压差与参考电压进行比较,以输出过压标志信号。该过压检测电路具有输入范围宽、精度高、简单、无需高压比较器等特点。采用SMIC 0.18 μm 40 V BCD工艺制备,对其进行设计与实现,其面积为0.086 mm2。测试结果表明,在VIN输入为5 ~ 30 V时该电路能够准确检测VCP VIN超过5 V的过压。此外,该电路的最大电流消耗小于7 μA。

       

      Abstract: Charge Pump (CP) is widely used in driving power NMOS in power switch. Ensuring that the voltage generated by the CP remains below the safe gate voltage of the power NMOS requires the overvoltage detection of CP's pumped voltage. In this paper, a Low Voltage (LV) negative feedback loop and a high voltage (HV) PMOS current mirror is employed to precisely apply the CP's input voltage (VIN) and output voltage (VCP) across a sensing resistor, enabling precise sampling of the difference between VCP and VIN. The voltage difference, reduced by a fixed factor, is then compared with the reference voltage to obtain the output overvoltage flag. The overvoltage detection circuit features a wide input range, high accuracy, and simplicity without the need for a HV comparator. It is fabricated using SMIC 0.18 μm 40 V BCD process, occupying an area of 0.086 mm2. Test results indicate that the circuit is capable of accurately detecting voltage differences exceeding 5 V between VCP and VIN, with VIN ranging from 5 to 30 V. Furthermore, the circuit exhibits a maximum current consumption of less than 7 µA.

       

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