• 基于KT/C噪声消除的二阶噪声整形高精度SAR ADC

    High-precision SAR ADC with second-order noise shaping based on KT/C noise cancellation

    • 针对传统噪声整形逐次逼近寄存器(Successive Approximation Register, SAR)模数转换器(Analog-to-Digital Converter, ADC)在提升有效位数(Effective Number of Bits, ENOB)时面临面积与功耗代价过大的问题,提出了一种结合KT/C噪声消除技术与级联积分器前馈(Cascaded Integrator Feedforward, CIFF)二阶噪声整形的高精度设计方案。方案在电容型数字模拟转换器(Capacitive Digital-to-Analog Converter, CDAC)采样阶段引入动态热噪声消除技术,存储并抵消热噪声;同时结合无源电荷共享机制与并行二阶CIFF结构,在抑制量化噪声的同时有效降低KT/C噪声,突破了传统方法因增加整形阶数或增大电容而带来的实现瓶颈。基于180 nm CMOS工艺的仿真结果表明:在5 MHz采样率、过采样率(Oversampling Ratio, OSR)为16的条件下,采用该技术后带内热噪声明显降低,信噪失真比(Signal-to-Noise and Distortion Ratio, SNDR)由87.9 dB提高至100.5 dB,有效位数从14.31 bit提升至16.40 bit。方案在无需显著增加芯片面积与功耗的前提下,实现了精度的大幅提升,为高精度SAR ADC设计提供了有效技术途径。

       

      Abstract: To address the limitation of effective number of bits (ENOB) improvement in noise-shaping successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), a high-precision design scheme combining KT/C noise cancellation technology and a second-order cascaded integrator feedforward (CIFF) noise shaping structure is proposed. Conventional methods for enhancing SAR ADC precision mainly rely on increasing the order of noise shaping or using large capacitors to suppress thermal noise, which often leads to increased chip area, higher power consumption, and greater circuit complexity. The proposed method introduces dynamic thermal noise cancellation technology, which stores and cancels thermal noise during the sampling phase of the capacitive digital-to-analog converter (CDAC). Additionally, by integrating a passive charge-sharing mechanism and a parallel second-order CIFF structure, the proposed approach simultaneously suppresses quantization noise and KT/C noise, thereby improving ADC accuracy. Based on the 180 nm CMOS process, simulations were conducted at a sampling rate of 5 MHz with an oversampling ratio (OSR) of 16, demonstrating significant performance improvements. The results show that after applying KT/C noise cancellation technology, in-band thermal noise is significantly reduced, the signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) increases from 87.9 dB to 100.5 dB, and the ENOB improves from 14.31 bits to 16.40 bits. Moreover, this method does not require a significant increase in chip area or power consumption, providing an efficient and feasible solution for high-precision SAR ADC design.

       

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